The air spring is filled with compressed air in a sealed container and uses the compressibility of the gas to achieve its elastic bai effect. The air spring has ideal non-linear elastic characteristics. After the height adjustment device is installed, the height of the vehicle body does not change with the increase or decrease of the load. The spring stiffness can be designed to be low and the ride comfort is good. However, the air spring suspension has a complicated structure and high manufacturing cost.
Air spring advantages:
1) Air springs have excellent nonlinear and hard characteristics, which can effectively limit the amplitude, avoid resonance and prevent shock. The non-linear characteristic curve of the air spring can be ideally designed according to actual needs, so that it has a lower performance near the rated load.
The stiffness value of .
2) Since the medium used in the air spring is mainly air, it is easy to implement active control.
3) The stiffness k of the air spring changes with the load P, so under different loads, the natural frequency of its vibration isolation system is almost unchanged, and the vibration isolation effect is almost unchanged.
4) The stiffness of the air spring is adjustable, and the stiffness of the system can be changed by changing the volume of the air chamber or the pressure of the inner cavity. Regardless of the load, the air pressure can be changed as needed to adjust the stiffness of the air spring, or the internal volume of the auxiliary air chamber can be increased to reduce the stiffness.
5) For air springs of the same size, when the internal pressure changes, different bearing capacities can be obtained. This allows the same air spring to meet the requirements of multiple loads, so it is economical. The air spring can bear a certain lateral load and transmit torque while bearing the vertical load.
6) Increasing the total volume of the air spring can reduce the natural frequency of the vibration isolation system, which is a unique advantage of the air spring. The volume of the air spring body, due to certain restrictions on the size of the structural space, cannot be too large. In order to reduce the natural frequency of the vibration isolation system, an auxiliary air chamber can be set, which can be arranged far away from the air spring. The volume of the auxiliary air chamber increases, that is, the total volume of the air spring is increased, and the natural frequency of the air spring vibration isolation system is reduced.
7) The air spring can use a height control valve system to keep the working height basically unchanged under different loads. Similarly, the height control valve can also be used to make the air spring have different heights under a certain load, so it can adapt to various structural requirements.
8) The air spring can absorb high frequency vibration and has excellent sound insulation performance.
Air spring is mainly composed of rubber bag and air. During the vibration process, the rubber bladder has little internal friction due to expansion and warpage, so it is difficult to transmit high-frequency vibration. Air and rubber are not easy to transmit sound, so they have good sound insulation performance. The steel spring is easy to transmit high-frequency vibration and sound.
9) If an orifice is set between the main air chamber and the auxiliary air chamber of the air spring, when the air spring vibrates and deforms, a pressure difference will occur between the main and auxiliary air chambers, and the air flowing through the orifice absorbs part of the energy due to resistance , Thus having a damping effect. A proper throttle aperture can improve the damping characteristics of the vibration isolation system and effectively suppress the resonance amplitude.
10) The air spring is light in weight. Except for the rubber bladder and almost weightless air, its body is the upper cover and the lower cover, so it is much lighter than the steel spring.
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